Turbine



sept. 14 1926. 1,599,670

D. MORGAN TURBINE Filed Sept-9, 1925 2 snets-sheet 1 Sept. 14,1926., 1,599,670

v D. J. MORGAN TURBINE Filed Sept, 5 1925 2 sheets-snee*u 2 f f ff' f7 L g l /l 4 ef' l l mm y yf /eV /Qe ff A TURA/E75'.

Patented Sept. 14, 1926.

UNITED STATES lenen rarnnrorrice.

:DAVID JOHN MORGAN, `or Ganar-icon, sourir WALES.

TURBINE.

Application iiled September 5, 1925, Serial No. 54,830, and in Great Britain September 10, 192e.

My invention relates to improvements in turbines of the type in which a rotor having a number of radial vanes is enclosed in a suitable casing in such a mannerthat steam projected upon the vanes will cause the rotor to turn about suitable bearings so as to convert the energy of the steam into motive power.

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and improved construction of this type of turbine and especially to ensure an effective fiuid tight joint between the vanes and the casing.

In order that my invention may be clearly understood, reference is made to the accomv panying drawings, in whichr Fig. 1 shows in elevation a spherical form of rotor of a turbine constructed according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the turbine showing a portion of the casing broken away to disclose the rotor in y position therein.

Fig. 3 is a part sectional elevation showing one of the radial vanes and packing strips and the manner ofk distributing the iiuid pressure to the back thereof. l

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the vane shown in Fig. 3, and' 30 Figs. 5 and 6 are transverse sections through the steam'distributing pocket, and showing the valve in its two alternative positions.

Referring to the drawings, the rotor 1 is shown of cylindrical form having a number of radial vanes 2 formed by providing transverse recesses 3 extending across the periphery of the rotor. The rotor is mounted upon a suitable shaft 4 supported -U in bearings 5 in an outer casing 6, the

interior of which corresponds to the spherical shape of the rotor 1. The radial vanes 2 are a comparatively loose fit in the casing 6 and curved packing strips 7 are located in transverse grooves extending across the periphery of each of the vanes 2 and over the surface of the rotor itself close down to the shaft 4. These packing strips 7 correspond in shape tothe inner surface of the casing 6 and press lightly against it. Means are provided to admit fluid pressure to the back of these packing strips so as to hold them tightly against the inner face of the r casing, whilst the vane is subjected to the o pressure fluid, thus ensuring an effective joint with the casing.

y 2, and portions of the rotor 1 and a series of The packing strips 7 which may be of the section shown in Figs. 5 and 6, engage in grooves 8 in the periphery of the vanes passages `9 extend from the back of each packing strip 7 to a steam pocket 10 formed in the thickness of each vane 2. Each steam pocket is formed in a suitable flanged seating 11 held in place in an opening 12 extend ing through the vane 2 by means of a loose Harige 13 bolted or otherwise secured upon y the opposite side. In each seating is formed the pocket 10 from `which the passages 9 radiate to the groove 8 so as to permit fluid pressure to force the packing strip 7 against the casing 6. Ports14 extend from each side of the seating 11 to the pocket 10 and a hinged flap valve 15 in each pocket Vis adapted to engage over either ofthe ports 14 as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. In the casing 6 is provided a 'fiuid pressure inleiv 16 `arranged substantially ina tangential position to the periphery of the rotor and so that the fluid pressure therefrom lwill impinge directly upon each of the vanes 2 as the rotor turns upon its axis. When "the vane is at one side of the inlet port 16 for the fluid pressure, the valve 15 will engage over one of the ports 14 in the vane so as to D' prevent the escape of the fluid pressure therethrough. The vane in front which has` already passed the port 16 will have its valve 15 engaging over the other port 14 so as to prevent the passage of the pressure fluid therethrough. The passages 9, hiow.` ever, in both these vanes will receive pres sure fluid from the pockets 10 so as to force their packing strips 7 against the periphery of the casing and ensure a fluid tight joint, and preventing the escape of the fluid pressure from the chamber 3. A suitable outlet or exhaust port 17 is also provided in the casing to permit the escape of the pressure fiuid after it has expended its energy upon the vanes of the turbine. The turbine may be readily operated in the reverse direction by admitting pressure fluid through port 17 and exhausting through 16. Anyv number of turbines may be connected in series so as to allow the steam or other pressure fluid to expand in several stages. The rotor and casing may be formed so that the vanes Vare of substantially rectangular shape with rounded outer corners.

My improved turbine is of a simple nature with few moving parts. Each vane receives sa'L the.` orce of the incoming fluidr directly in turn so that the rotor will Inove continuouslyA in one direction, and the pi/iclingk strips eX- tendino transversely across each vane and close down to the slio't about 'which tlie rotor turns7 elliords an eflective seal to, pre: vent escape of the pressure 1fluid.

l. ln e turbine, :L rotor oi" generally spherical forni, e casing of oorrespondingv slings enclosingthe rotor end4 neming` tan.- gentiall Vdisposed inlet and outlet ports, it series of venes formed ontlie rotor, peekingstrips extending across the venes and the .i surface of the, rotor, e pocket in ceclivane to which fluid pressure is admitted, seriesof passages from the pocket in each vene to the back. ofthe groove in, Wliieli its peel;- ing strip engages7 ports` leading' into the f poclet troni. each side ottlie vene. andV at leest one valve loened between the ports zindfadepted to Vclose each; alterntely.

2. ln ai, turbine, e rotor of: generally Y 'spherical form, e csing of corresponding.. i shape enclosing the rotor and having ten gentielly, disposed inlet and loutlet ports, e, series ol" venes, formed, on, dier rotor, 4pecking strips extending across? the vanesfandftlie surface of the ijotor, e flanged seating en,- gaging in a. through aperture in each vene,1 a' loose flange in the 'opposite side Vot the vane and secured to tlie flanged seating,

Vpessziges leading from the p'oizket to, the

grooveV in which the packing stripo each vane is located and means for admitting pressure fluid to the pocket to force. the lpeeking strip oi'itwzirdly against tlie periphery of the. casing".

3.' In e4 turbine., a, rotor of` generally spherical form, a casing, o corresponding Shape, enclosing the. Kotor. heifns tangentielly disposed inlet and outlet ports, e series of venes lorined on the rotor, packing strips evtendingI across the venes and the surface of the rotor, ports leading into the pocket from each side of the venes, e valve located; between the. ports, and. adapted to close each elternetele flanged seating enn, a throes@ aperture in @eC-h; Vane, e loose flenge on.y the. vopposite sie i ot the vene endsecured tothe flanged ses 0' passagesleeflinei from the Becket tet-be e' 90V@ in which the' packing strip; of erich` vene is located andi Ineens for .admitting pressure fluid to pocket t0x oiiee the packing strip outwardly against the'peripheryof. the

casing. v

4.41.11; a turbine, e rotor of generally spherical forni n'iounted rotate upon e transverse shaft, efeitsii '0'- ol corresponding sliepeand having tangen't'ielly disposed Ainlet and outlet ports, a. series ofvne's, `formed on the'rotorby ineens.ofljlul n the fece thereof, transverse." o. s ex'- tendino; across these venesT and. tlie. trice ol the rotor close up, to the sliaft,` pnekngstrips located in tliese" groovesfzi flzinged" seating located, in e 1:lirouglliv aperture infea'ch vane, e loose flange secured to. the seatin" to re tain it in position, ports'in' the senti gf comniunieetintgl with opposite sides of eeoli' vene, and e; valve between this ports adepted to vill fro CD sentV over and" Vclose either port alternately.

leaving the other open to :idinit fluidi pres-A sure tothe pocket :troni o'ne'side: of the vane at e time. A

Driving Jon-Nk Mor-eeen. 

